Jamaica Avenue was an ancient trail for tribes from as far away as the Ohio River and the Great Lakes, coming to trade skins and furs for wampum. (In the Caribbean, the aboriginal Arawaks named their island Xaymaca, "land of wood and water", and the "x" spelling in Spanish was in time transformed to the hard "j" of the modern English name, "Jamaica".) Precolonial and colonial periods The liquid "y" sound of English is spelled with a "j" in Dutch, the language of the first people to write about the area the English retained this Dutch spelling, but, after repeated reading and speaking of "Jamaica", slowly replaced the liquid sound with the hard "j" of the English pronunciation of the name today. The neighborhood was named Yameco, a corruption of the word yamecah, meaning " beaver", in the language spoken by the Lenape, the Native Americans who lived in the area at the time of first European contact. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 103rd and 113th Precincts. Jamaica is located in Queens Community District 12.
Kennedy International Airport and the hotels nearby are also located in Jamaica. The New York Racing Association, based at Aqueduct Racetrack in South Ozone Park, lists its official address as Jamaica (Central Jamaica once housed NYRA's Jamaica Racetrack, now the massive Rochdale Village housing development). Jamaica Center, the area around Jamaica Avenue, is a major commercial center. Food and Drug Administration's Northeast Regional Laboratory as well as the New York District Office are also located in Jamaica. Addabbo Federal Building, home to the Social Security Administration's Northeastern Program Service Center. Jamaica is the location of several government buildings including Queens Civil Court, the civil branch of the Queens County Supreme Court, the Queens County Family Court and the Joseph P. Today, some locals group Jamaica's surrounding neighborhoods into an unofficial Greater Jamaica area encompassing most or all of the extent of the former town. When Queens was incorporated into the City of Greater New York in 1898, both the Town of Jamaica and the Village of Jamaica were dissolved, but the neighborhood of Jamaica regained its role as county seat. It was the first county seat of Queens County, holding that title from 1683 to 1788, and was also the first incorporated village on Long Island. Subsequently, under English rule Jamaica became the center of the " Town of Jamaica".
It was originally called Rustdorp before it took its current name. Jamaica, originally a designation for an area greater than the current neighborhood, was settled under Dutch rule in 1656. Albans, Springfield Gardens, Rochdale Village to the southeast South Jamaica to the south Richmond Hill and South Ozone Park to the west Briarwood to the northwest and Kew Gardens Hills, Jamaica Hills, and Jamaica Estates to the north. Jamaica is bordered by Hollis to the east St. It is mainly composed of a large commercial and retail area, though part of the neighborhood is also residential. Jamaica is a middle-class neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens.
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